ANZAC Day

[Downunder Kilt]

Today, 25 April, is ANZAC Day in Australia, where we remember those that have given their lives in the service of our country in all wars. The actual day commemorates the landings in 1915, at what is now known as ANZAC cove on the Gallipolli peninsular in Turkey. The Australian and New Zealand Army Corp were landed on the wrong beach and suffered appalling casualties.


"They shall grow not old, as we that are left grow old;
Age shall not weary them, nor the years condemn.
At the going down of the sun and in the morning
We will remember them."

Lest We Forget

[English Bloke]

Lest we forget...



"Those heroes that shed their blood
and lost their lives...
You are now lying in the soil of a friendly country.
Therefore rest in peace.
There is no difference between the Johnnies
and the Mehmets to us where they lie side by side
Here in this country of ours...
You, the mothers,
Who sent their sons from far away countries
Wipe away your tears; your sons are now lying in our bosom
and are in peace.
After having lost their lives on this land they have become our sons as well." ~ Atatürk 1934

Memorial at ANZAC Cove (Anzak Koyu) for the Australia and New Zealand Army Corps who died in the Gallipoli Campaign. The quote is from Mustafa Kemal Ataturk, founder of the Turkish Republic and one of the commanders of the Ottoman forces at Gallipoli (Gelibolu).

A terrible tragedy indeed. I shall be pausing for a couple of minutes quiet thought at 11:00 tomorrow.

[Downunder Kilt]

Thanks for that John. The Australian and Turkish communities now have a very strong bond, here in Australia and Turkey, born out of the respect earned for each other during those terrible times

[tulloch]

Let us never forget.

[English Bloke]

Thanks for that John. The Australian and Turkish communities now have a very strong bond, here in Australia and Turkey, born out of the respect earned for each other during those terrible times

No worries.

I went to Gallipoli a few years ago. A most sobering experience it was too although the close bond that exists between Aussies, New Zealanders and Turks was clearly evident.

I met Bryn Dolan there, he was conducting research and is one of the chaps who put together this website. My wife and I spend a fabulous day with him scrabbling about in the bush, way off the beaten track around Gully Ravine and Cape Helles looking for lost Lancastrians . A most interesting chap. I did ask him why he'd chosen to document only Officers of the campaign and not the ordinary soldiers. His response was to the effect of "You're joking aren't you?" In view of the enormity of the casualty lists I had to take his point.

I'd recommend you go if you get the chance. It's an awe-inspiring place. TJ's are a good company to start with (A Turkish / Australian husband and wife team) if you're thinking of a visit there. I went in September which was fairly busy but apparently it's mobbed around Anzac day.

[Downunder Kilt]

Thanks again John, I have bookmarked the site you provided for a read at a later time. In June 1995 I spent 5 days clambering over every inch I could on the Gallipolli peninsular. I was very fortunate that I had bumped into a Turkish university student whose Grandfather had fought there . He and his sister were excellent guides and spoke english very well. Once you walk over/thru those trenches and killing grounds you never really see any justification to complain about anything you have to do again.

Cheers to you and your good lady

Lest We Forget

P.S. Some of the loudest applause at the Melbourne ANZAC Day march today was for the members of the Turkish Sub-Branch of the RSL of which about 30 members were marching

[Jock Scot]

"We will remember them".

[Bill aka Mole]

To the ANZAC men and the Officers that led them; Cheers!
Rest well, brothers. Your duty was well and above what was intended.

To those who have followed in this service, Cheers!
Faithful Allies and potent foes you have proven yourself to be!

[English Bloke]

... Cheers to you and your good lady

Lest We Forget

P.S. Some of the loudest applause at the Melbourne ANZAC Day march today was for the members of the Turkish Sub-Branch of the RSL of which about 30 members were marching...

Thanks for the good wishes, I'll pass 'em along to Mrs EB.

It doesn't surprise me the Turkish RSL got a big nod in Melbourne. There is a genuine warmth between the two countries who both (rightly or wrongly) hold Britain ultimately accountable.

Ever read any John Laffin? He doesn't mince his thoughts on the subject. I admire his work greatly although his critical interpretation of events is not popular up here in my bit of the world, as you can probably imagine.

I figured you may have been to Gallipoli already, most Antipodeans I know have, but thought I'd let you know one of the current options anyway on the off chance you hadn't. I've stayed at TJ's hotel and though it's a bit basic (or was when I was there) it fills the needs adequately for the budget conscious. If you're ever thinking of making a return trip, let me know and I'll try and RV with you in Eceabat for a few days. We could put our exploring boots on by day as well as maybe sink a few scoops and chew the fat in the evenings. It could be fun that. I could even provide an interpreter.

[chewse]

For those of us who are (were) unaware of this special day, I grabbed some more indepth info:

The ANZAC Day tradition

ANZAC Day – 25 April – is probably Australia's most important national occasion. It marks the anniversary of the first major military action fought by Australian and New Zealand forces during the First World War.

What does ANZAC stand for?
ANZAC stands for Australian and New Zealand Army Corps. The soldiers in those forces quickly became known as ANZACs, and the pride they took in that name endures to this day.

Why is this day special to Australians?
When war broke out in 1914, Australia had been a federal commonwealth for only 13 years. The new national government was eager to establish its reputation among the nations of the world. In 1915 Australian and New Zealand soldiers formed part of the allied expedition that set out to capture the Gallipoli peninsula in order to open the Dardanelles to the allied navies. The ultimate objective was to capture Constantinople (now Istanbul in Turkey), the capital of the Ottoman Empire, an ally of Germany.

The Australian and New Zealand forces landed on Gallipoli on 25 April, meeting fierce resistance from the Ottoman Turkish defenders. What had been planned as a bold stroke to knock Turkey out of the war quickly became a stalemate, and the campaign dragged on for eight months. At the end of 1915 the allied forces were evacuated, after both sides had suffered heavy casualties and endured great hardships. Over 8,000 Australian soldiers had been killed. News of the landing on Gallipoli had made a profound impact on Australians at home, and 25 April soon became the day on which Australians remembered the sacrifice of those who had died in the war.

Although the Gallipoli campaign failed in its military objectives, the Australian and New Zealand actions during the campaign left us all a powerful legacy. The creation of what became known as the “ANZAC legend” became an important part of the identity of both nations, shaping the ways they viewed both their past and their future.

Early commemorations
The 25th of April was officially named ANZAC Day in 1916. It was marked by a wide variety of ceremonies and services in Australia, a march through London, and a sports day in the Australian camp in Egypt. In London over 2,000 Australian and New Zealand troops marched through the streets. A London newspaper headline dubbed them “the knights of Gallipoli”. Marches were held all over Australia; in the Sydney march, convoys of cars carried wounded soldiers from Gallipoli attended by nurses. For the remaining years of the war, ANZAC Day was used as an occasion for patriotic rallies and recruiting campaigns, and parades of serving members of the AIF were held in most cities.

During the 1920s ANZAC Day became established as a national day of commemoration for the 60,000 Australians who had died during the war. In 1927, for the first time every state observed some form of public holiday on ANZAC Day. By the mid-1930s, all the rituals we now associate with the day – dawn vigils, marches, memorial services, reunions, two-up games – were firmly established as part of ANZAC Day culture.

With the coming of the Second World War, ANZAC Day also served to commemorate the lives of Australians who died in that war. In subsequent years the meaning of the day has been further broadened to include Australians killed in all the military operations in which Australia has been involved.

ANZAC Day was first commemorated at the Memorial in 1942. There were government orders prohibiting large public gatherings in case of a Japanese air attack, so it was a small occasion, with neither a march nor a memorial service. Since then, ANZAC Day has been commemorated at the Memorial every year.

What does it mean today?
Australians recognise 25 April as an occasion of national remembrance, which takes two forms. Commemorative services are held at dawn – the time of the original landing – across the nation. Later in the day, ex-servicemen and women meet to take part in marches through the major cities and in many smaller centres. Commemorative ceremonies are more formal and are held at war memorials around the country. In these ways, ANZAC Day is a time when Australians reflect on the many different meanings of war.

The Dawn Service
The Dawn Service observed on ANZAC Day has its origins in a military routine which is still followed by the Australian Army today. During battle, the half-light of dawn was one of the most favoured times for an attack. Soldiers in defensive positions were woken in the dark before dawn, so by the time first light crept across the battlefield they were awake, alert, and manning their weapons; this is still known as the “stand-to”. As dusk is equally favourable for attacks, the stand-to was repeated at sunset.

After the First World War, returned soldiers sought the comradeship they had felt in those quiet, peaceful moments before dawn. A dawn vigil, recalling the wartime front line practice of the dawn ‘stand-to’, became the basis of a form of commemoration in several places after the war. There are claims that a dawn requiem mass was held at Albany on 25 April 1918, and a wreath laying and commemoration took place at dawn in Toowoomba the following year. In 1927 a group of returned men, returning from an ANZAC function held the night before, came upon an elderly woman laying flowers at the as yet unfinished Sydney Cenotaph. Joining her in this private remembrance, the men later resolved to institute a dawn service the following year. Thus in 1928 150 people gathered at the Cenotaph to for a wreath laying and two minutes silence. This is generally regarded as the beginning of organised dawn services. Over the years the ceremonies have developed into their modern form and also seen an increased association with the dawn landings on 25 April 1915.

Today dawn services include the presence of a chaplain, but not the presence of dignitaries such as the governor general. They were originally very simple and followed the military routine. In many cases, attendance at the dawn service was restricted to veterans, while the daytime ceremony was for families and other well-wishers. Before dawn, the gathered veterans would be ordered to “stand to” and two minutes’ silence would follow. At the end of this time a lone bugler would play the Last Post and then conclude the service with Reveille, the bugler’s call to wake up.

In more recent times families and young people have been encouraged to take part in dawn services, and services in Australian capital cities have seen some of the largest turnouts ever. Reflecting this change, those services have become more elaborate, incorporating hymns, readings, pipers, and rifle volleys. Other services, though, have retained the simple format of the dawn stand-to, familiar to so many soldiers.

The ANZAC Day Ceremony
At the Australian War Memorial, the ceremony takes place at 10.15 am in the presence of people such as the prime minister and the governor general. Each year the ceremony follows a pattern that is familiar to generations of Australians. A typical ANZAC Day ceremony may include the following features: an introduction, hymn, prayer, an address, laying of wreaths, a recitation, the Last Post, a period of silence, either the Rouse or the Reveille, and the national anthem. After the Memorial’s ceremony, families often place red poppies beside the names of relatives on the Memorial’s Roll of Honour, as they also do after Remembrance Day services.