If you know the county or state where your father's family resided, you may be able to find a county historical society that can provide some information on the family, you may be able to locate some cousins of both families that you were unaware of. Most people who supply information to these organizations have some interest in genealogy and may be willing to share or help you locate information. I have found quite a bit of family information using these resources.

I had a Y DNA test performed to help isolate my father's family line because my GGF did not show up on my records such as the census etc. In some ways the test only added to the confusion, but it did help me through a brick wall. What we determined is that my DNA does not match anyone with my surname who participated in my surname project (about 50 males). What we did find was a case of surname adoption, we were able to confirm that my GGF was adopted. (my surname project is very open and is willing to share information) Now the problem is that the surname project for my GGF's biological surname is very tight and close with information, I have not been able to get information from them. The DNA test did redirect our research and enable us to find the adoption, but I am unable to confirm the line with Y-DNA until someone unlocks the information.