Super-clear information, Gilmore. Thanks. My mistake earlier; it is familytreedna my brother used and, through it, made connection with a distant cousin we knew of but had never met. At the moment I have 26 12-Markers and 6 Distance-1 markers, the latter all with my surname.

I'm actually one of those fortunate ones who have paper-trails. Mine is unbroken to 1505 due to land tenure and lots of fine family record-keeping. The generation (or two?) before that is questionable, so we have the "gap" I was referring to earlier in the thread. Paper will never be found to fill that gap because that chest was lost in a fire in 1917.